Abstract
Objective
To determine the association between vitamin D status and morbidity and mortality
in adult hospitalized coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients
Methods
We performed a retrospective chart review study in COVID-19 patients aged ≥18 year
hospitalized at Boston University Medical Center between March 1 and August 4, 2020.
All studied patients tested positive for COVID-19 and had serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin
D (25[OH]D) results measured within 1 year prior to the date of positive tests. Medical
information was retrieved from the electronic medical record and was analyzed to determine
the association between vitamin D status and hospital morbidity and mortality.
Results
Among the 287 patients, 100 (36%) were vitamin D sufficient (25[OH]D >30 ng/mL) and
41 (14%) died during hospitalization. Multivariate analysis in patients aged ≥65 years
revealed that vitamin D sufficiency (25[OH]D ≥30 ng/mL) was statistically significantly
associated with decreased odds of death (adjusted OR 0.33, 95% CI, 0.12-0.94), acute
respiratory distress syndrome (adjusted OR 0.22, 95% CI, 0.05-0.96), and severe sepsis/septic
shock (adjusted OR 0.26, 95% CI, 0.08-0.88), after adjustment for potential confounders.
Among patients with body mass index <30 kg/m2, vitamin D sufficiency was statistically significantly associated with a decreased
odds of death (adjusted OR 0.18, 95% CI, 0.04-0.84). No significant association was
found in the subgroups of patients aged <65 years or with body mass index ≥30 kg/m2.
Conclusion
We revealed an independent association between vitamin D sufficiency defined by serum
25(OH)D ≥30 ng/mL and decreased risk of mortality from COVID-19 in elderly patients
and patients without obesity.
Key words
Abbreviations:
ARDS (acute respiratory distress syndrome), BMI (body mass index), CKD (chronic kidney disease), COPD (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease), COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019), ESRD (end-stage renal disease), HIV (human immunodeficiency virus), HR (hazard ratio), ICU (intensive care unit), OR (odds ratio), SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2)To read this article in full you will need to make a payment
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Article Info
Publication History
Published online: March 08, 2021
Identification
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© 2021 AACE. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
